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Emerging Threats to Space Security and Protection of Space Assets
Pražák, Jakub ; Doboš, Bohumil (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee) ; Hays, Peter Lang (referee)
The dissertation entitled "Emerging Threats to Space Security and Protection of Space Assets" introduces outer space as an important strategic domain with undisputable significance for the present and future of humankind. Despite the specific features of space environment, it explains that the outer space domain is not entirely divergent from traditional terrestrial domains and space-provided services are part of everyday life. The dissertation discusses and analyses the threats to space security and proposes countermeasures to mitigate the negative consequences on the space environment and for human activities beyond the borders of Earth, contributing to the spacepower theory and shaping the approach to outer space as an economic and political area. The dissertation illustrates the complexity of space threats and urges they be resolved. The theoretical framework is based on realist assumptions; however, it broadly acknowledges the different roles of various space stakeholders, resulting in an eclectic approach to space relations. Accordingly, the dissertation elaborates on dynamics and interconnections between space actors and outlines the prospects for future cooperation that is vital for preserving the space environment.
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Advancing Space Security in the 21st Century - Private Actors and Governance of Space
Mielke, Björn ; Nikolić, Luka (advisor) ; Doboš, Bohumil (referee)
Björn Mielke Study Program Academic Advisor 50684234 Master of International Security Studies Mgr. Luka Nikolić Diploma thesis project Advancing Space Security in the 21st Century - Private Actors and Governance of Space Keywords: Space Security, Private Space Actors, Space Debris, Space Policy, Space Governance, Space Law, Public-Private-Partnerships, SpaceX, Blue Origin Abstract: In an era of space commercialization, emerging private space companies are changing the scope and structure of space activities and space security. This study explores the implications of these actors on space security, focusing on an in-depth case study of two leading space companies, SpaceX and Blue Origin. The thesis uses the theoretical framework of the Copenhagen School to examine the role of private space actors in this complex landscape. Through the use of qualitative research methods, an analysis of the profiles and activities of SpaceX and Blue Origin and their potential implications for space security was conducted. The selection of these companies is based on their essential role in pioneering private space exploration and their significant impact on space security paradigms. The findings reveal a complex interaction between private space actors, space security, and space law. The rise of private space companies has...
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Weaponization of Outer Space: Double-Edged Blade of Dual-Use Technology
Pražák, Jakub ; Doboš, Bohumil (advisor) ; Hynek, Nikola (referee)
The thesis considered the feasibility of space warfare with an emphasis on the malicious potential of dual-use technology. I have described the orbital principles and set the presumptions of space warfare and the principles for space warfare strategy, introduced dual- use technology and its connections to space weapons, elaborated on existing counterspace capabilities and its impact, described the challenges for space warfare and evaluated the utilization of dual-use technology as space weapons. I have reached the conclusion that current space technology does not allow to lead extensive space warfare. However, counterspace technology is mature enough for the conduct of destructive space operations and states are encouraged to proliferate advanced offensive counterspace capabilities that are not sufficiently addressed and bounded to international law. Though, despite it seems space warfare is unlikely, the growing tensions of state space actors and rapid development of new technology that is currently mostly driven by the commercial actors may soon change the situation. Potentially destructive dual-use technology may then increase the risk and probability of space warfare. The thesis proposed several options of potentially destructive dual-technology technology that could be turned into space weapons.
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EU and UK space security policies through the lens of historical institutionalism
Teale, Jennifer ; Butler, Eamonn (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
The main purpose of this research is to explore the relationship between the EU and UK in terms of space defence policy developed from the viewpoint of historical institutionalism. As a research objective, it is intended to assess the nature of historical institutionalism as a concept and its applications to space defence policy. Another objective is to trace the historical development of the relationships between the EU and the UK in the space sector. Finally, this historical development is discussed through the lens of historical institutionalism. The attainment of these aims and objectives requires an optimal choice of methodology and research design. This study has been guided by the principles of interpretivism, a dominant philosophical stance in social studies. This philosophy emphasises the role of interpretations in the attainment of knowledge due to a lack of absolute truth, as according to interpretivism, the truth depends on the observer and their interpretations. In line with this philosophical stance, this research is conducted using an inductive approach, which stipulates theory development, hypothesis formulation, or new proposition statements based on observations. This contrasts with deductive testing of existing research hypotheses. The choice of an inductive approach has...
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Contemporary Challenges of Space Debris Removal: Overview and Outlook
Vojáková, Eliška ; Doboš, Bohumil (advisor) ; Pražák, Jakub (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES Institute of Political Studies Department of International Security Studies Contemporary Challenges of Space Debris Removal: Overview and Outlook Abstract in English Author: Eliška Vojáková Study programme: Security Studies Supervisor: Mgr. Bohumil Doboš, Ph.D. Year of the defence: 2021 Abstract The sustainability of the outer space environment is necessary for all actors to execute all existing and future human space operations safely. While the severe negative consequences of the uncontrolled space debris population are not new, government agencies and intergovernmental organizations' initiatives to lessen the predicament continue to be insufficient. Scientific research and simulation models show that mere mitigation measures cannot stop the ongoing degradation of the outer space environment polluted from the past space missions. Instead, research supports the development of space projects designed with a primary objective to remove debris from space. National administrations attempt to cooperate at the international level to formulate uniform debris mitigation standards and hold each other mutually accountable for worsening the space debris situation. However, joint public international missions to actively remove debris remain unthinkable. The privatization...
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Weaponization of Outer Space: Double-Edged Blade of Dual-Use Technology
Pražák, Jakub ; Doboš, Bohumil (advisor) ; Hynek, Nikola (referee)
The thesis considered the feasibility of space warfare with an emphasis on the malicious potential of dual-use technology. I have described the orbital principles and set the presumptions of space warfare and the principles for space warfare strategy, introduced dual- use technology and its connections to space weapons, elaborated on existing counterspace capabilities and its impact, described the challenges for space warfare and evaluated the utilization of dual-use technology as space weapons. I have reached the conclusion that current space technology does not allow to lead extensive space warfare. However, counterspace technology is mature enough for the conduct of destructive space operations and states are encouraged to proliferate advanced offensive counterspace capabilities that are not sufficiently addressed and bounded to international law. Though, despite it seems space warfare is unlikely, the growing tensions of state space actors and rapid development of new technology that is currently mostly driven by the commercial actors may soon change the situation. Potentially destructive dual-use technology may then increase the risk and probability of space warfare. The thesis proposed several options of potentially destructive dual-technology technology that could be turned into space weapons.
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Cybersecurity for Outer Space - A Transatlantic Study
Perrichon, Lisa ; Doboš, Bohumil (advisor) ; Střítecký, Vít (referee)
Cyber attacks can target any nodes of the space infrastructure, and while these attacks are called non-violent, there is a credible capability to use cyber attacks to cause direct or indirect physical damage, injury or death. However, the vulnerability of satellites and other space assets to cyber attack is often overlooked, which is a significant failing given society's substantial and ever increasing reliance on satellite technologies. Through a policy analysis, this dissertation assess the set of political provisions provided by the European Union to address the cyber security issue of the space infrastructure. Such study aims at exploring the geopolitical consequences linked to space cyber security risks, and at assessing the political preparedness of the European Union to address these challenges. The perspective of transatlantic cooperation to further support both American and European effort to tackle this security risk is also addressed. The overarching value of the study is to contribute to future European cyber security for space and transatlantic debates by providing useful perspectives and key takeaways on these two domains. Ultimately, he existing set of policies are not sufficient to address the cyber security issue in Outer Space, a unified approach by the European Union and the United...
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"Global Space Security and the U.S. - China - Russia Rivalry."
Robinson, Jana ; Romancov, Michael (advisor) ; Jansky, Radomir (referee) ; Riegl, Martin (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA V PRAZE FAKULTA SOCIÁLNÍCH VĚD INSTITUT POLITOLOGICKÝCH STUDIÍ ABSTRACT OF DOCTORAL THESIS GLOBAL SPACE SECURITY AND THE U.S. - CHINA - RUSSIA RIVALRY 2016 JANA ROBINSON 2 ABSTRACT This study concentrates on whether the spacepower projection strategies of China and Russia, as communicated through their actions, key initiatives and public diplomacy positions, will, in the near future, undermine or advance global efforts to preserve the stability of the space environment and sustainability of outer space activities. In order to arrive at key findings, the analysis presented in this study is guided by two theories, the Astropolitik, a well-established spacepower theory of Everett C. Dolman, and the "preventive arms control in space" theory of Max Mutschler. It was concluded that arms control in space will not advance space security and prevent systemic destabilization of the space domain, and formal top-down arms control does not effectively restrain counterspace activities1 . It was likewise concluded that there exists a high probability (i.e. possibly greater than 75%) of near-term space 'incident' among the U.S., Russia and China. To prevent an escalatory spiral leading to conflict in space, the U.S. should continue to engage China and Russia (including in multilateral venues) in an...
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